Despite agriculture policy supporting extension provision in the philippines, and sector. A reference manual for extension agents was compiled as one of the need based activities identified and agreed upon in the pdm of asap. Pdf on mar, 2018, radhika kapur and others published. Extension methods and their relative effectiveness agecon search. Postindependence extension and rural development programmes lesson 6. Extension education in agricultural and rural development. Introduction to agricultural extension lecture four 4 extension teaching methods thursday 20022014 2. Levels of use and importance of extension methods and aids. Current concepts and approaches in agricultural extension. Agricultural extension teaching, learning process and methods is a second semester course. Kalim qamar food and agriculture organization of the united nations rome, 2003.
Definition of extension methods the ways or techniques used by an extension system to influence its target groups the extensionteaching methods are tools and techniques used to create situations in which communication can take place between rural people and extension workers. It is a year three, 3 credit units degree course available to all. Conducting effective agricultural demonstrations john hancock county agentatlarge, agriculture programs this handbook will serve extension agriculture agents as a guide to developing effective demonstrations. Unique opportunities for professional and leadership development coupled with. Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. An extension agent, therefore, needs to learn as well as to teach.
A comparison of extension methods used by different agricultural extension service providers in nyandarua county, kenya 3 practices that help poor people and the environment. Free outlines of extension methodologies for transfer of agricultural technology communication communication models forms of communication extension programme planning principles of programme planning monitoring and evaluation of extension programme. There is a need to determine ways in which the same few extension officers can serve a larger group of farmers with minimum effort lwoga, stilwell and. It includes a comprehensive examination of theory and research. Aed 302 teaching methods in agriculture course description. In the committee on fisheries, emphasis was placed on the role of extension in the development of artisanal fisheries communities. Extension methodologies for transfer of agricultural. Extension teaching methods ruforum institutional repository. Teaching strategies, their use and effectiveness as.
The extension teaching methods and aids, are great importance in agricultural extension work, they are. Full text of extension teaching methods and other factors. Newly formed nations, the rural population of which formerly maintained a subsistence agriculture with limited industry, found it essential to establish a betterbalanced economy. There are a host of educational methods available to use in teaching extension educational programs. This study seeks, mainly, to achieve the following objectives. This booklet has been written to help you in your teaching of adults, whether you are an extension worker or instructor in agriculture or health and nutrition or mother and child care or community health or in integrated rural development, or teaching literacy or family planning or. Individual methods of extension group methods of extension types of group extension methods. This led to a variety of rural services and institutions, including agricultural extension. These changes are accompanied by falling donor and government support for aet institutions, with disruption of training programmes and loss of experienced teaching staff. Only freestanding provisions are included in this compilation. Extension agents and specialists use a variety of methods for teaching content and processes that enhance farmer learning and adoption of new practices. In kenya, numerous approaches have been tried with varying success.
Extension methodologies for transfer of agricultural technology language. Extension, education and communication service research, extension and training division sustainable development department agricultural extension, rural development and the food security challenge by william mcleod rivera in collaboration with m. Ppt extension teaching methods hudu zakaria academia. The role of agricultural education in improving the. Generally, agricultural extension can be defined as the delivery of information inputs to farmers. General extension and teaching methods socialcognitive factors influencing household decisions to grow orangefleshed sweet potato in uganda sulah ndaula, haroon sseguya, frank matsiko 112 pdf participation in social group and wellbeing status of rural women in oyo state oluwaseun aderonke adeleke, falilat shadefunmi alani 1223 pdf socio. The basic philosophy of agricultural extension was established in the more highly developed countries over the past century. Means, standard deviations and t values of female and male respondents perceptions regarding effectiveness of selected teaching methods and tools n386. The centres vision is a rural transformation in the developing countries where the use of trees in agri. Agricultural and extension education teaching in formal education this broad based curriculum encompasses all areas of agriculture and prepares students for formal education in a classroom setting as well as informal instruction among a general population.
Recitation oral questions by teacher answered orally by students. For example, in kenya the ratio of farmers to extension officer is 753. Moreover, teaching organic farming and gardening has evolved dramatically over the last several decades. Providing a clear and concise framework for teaching and problem solving in agricultural education, the new edition of methods of teaching agriculture is a necessary text for any teaching methods course. Full text of extension teaching methods and other factors that influence adoption of agricultural and home economics practices see other formats. Agricultural extension agriculture is the main occupation of the individuals. The involvement of leaders in extension programmes is the one single factor. The use of teaching methods must have flexibility to be adopted to the members of a community who differ in age, education, economic status, sex and proneness to change etc. Class discussion conducted by teacher and what else. Agricultural extension is the term used to describe the process by which rural people are persuaded to adopt improved farming methods to improve crop and livestock productivity. Designed to be of use in preservice and inservice education courses, this text deals with the foundations for methods of teaching agriculture, applications of learning, the special needs of unique. National agricultural research, extension, and teaching policy act of 1977 enacted as title xiv of the food and agriculture act of 1977 public law 951. One way of determining which method to use for a given program is to examine the purpose of your educational session.
These methods are more useful for making people aware of the new agricultural technology quickly. The essential role of an extension worker is to create effective learning situations. Extension methods and approaches in the previous topic we discussed about how the conditions of ict infrastructure in rural areas is improving in ethiopia and elsewhere in africa even if it is starting how to exploit the available opportunity for eextension. Methods of teaching agriculture, 3rd edition pearson. Extension methods food and agriculture organization.
Executive summary the development, modernisation and transformation of the agriculture sector in rwanda requires the existence and implementation of a national agricultural extension strategy. There are several extension methods in use today geared at achieving this goal. The course focuses on teaching strategies and methods that engage all students in. This research project specifically looked at 96 farmers learning preferences and 21 cooperative extension agents and specialists instructional methods. Guide to extension training food and agriculture organization of. In the absence of such published material and organized training programs on the subject, this. Like africa, land tenure security also affects extension outcomes. Extension teaching methods and other fadors that influence adoption of agricultural and home economics pradices. Many different agricultural extension models have been utilized in developing countries in order to bring about rural development. A comparison of extension methods used by different. This chapter outlines the main extension methods which can be used and contains some guidance on how to choose appropriate methods for different target groups. Building an agricultural extension services system. Teaching methods in agriculture course description and goals the primary goal 0f the course is to prepare students in methods of teaching for agricultural and environmental education to k12 students.
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